Window structure



fheets-Sheet l vJuly 7, 1953 E. A. WESTMAN wINnow STRUCTURE Filed Jan.1o, 195o ww P R am E. A. WESTMAN WINDOW STRUCTURE July 7, 1953 3Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. l0, 1950 INI/EV TOR.

July 7, 1953 E. A. wEsTMAN 2,644,557

WINDOW STRUCTURE Filed Jan. 10, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented July 7,1953 y WINDOW STRUCTURE Elmer A. Westman, Fenton,Mic h'.

Application January 10, 1950, Serial No. 137,773

This invention relates to improvements in Windows and particularly toWindow. assemblies of the awning type.

Awning type window assemblies include a Window frame .and one or moreswinging vwindow v-sash sections. It is common practice to provide avplurality of vertically superimposed sash sec-` tions pivotallysupported within the lframe for outwardy 'swinging` movement of thebottom of l, the section and downward sliding movement of*r ythetop ofthe section; v.Such sections are com- -monly-coupled together byoperating mechanism for movement inunison. Inasmuch as such win- .dowsare designed to obtain maximum ventilation they are frequently providedin relatively Widefwidths. i 1

The sash operating mechanism is designed to be of light Weight and ofVrelatively small size so `as'to function within a limited space Vanddue toilexibility in parts thereof, as for example an operating crossshaft, a sash section may Yclose against the frame on one side but failto close `.tightly .thereagainst on theopposite side.

-. An object of this invention to provide oper- -ating mechanism for theswinging sash sections which may be readily yadjusted to obtain completeclosure of the sections at all points againstA the window frame.

l A further object is to provide .such operating .mechanism with anadjustment which is com- .pletely concealed when `the windowis. closed,

which is yof simple construction and so designed that accurateadjustment can bereadily accomplished.

Another object is to provide operatingmechanism with adjustment meanswhereby thatside yof a sash .section .furthest removed from ktheoperator handle maybe closed against the -vvin- L dow frame ahead of theside of the sash section which .is adjacent to the operator handle inorder that rwhen the sash section is drawn down against the frame itwill Close completely at all points thereagainst. l y Y y, Otherobjects, advantages and'meritoriousgfeatures will more fullyappear'from' the following description, claims and l,accompanyingdrawings,

wherein i p `3 claims. (Crise- 67) in the wallof a building. The windowassembly MFig. l is a perspective of a window structure 1 embodyingtheinvention; Y

*Fig. 21's a horizontal.section takenon 4theline z -2 ofnigi; yf l .1

.Fig. 3 is a verticalsection-taken on the line 3-3.ofFig.1,; j

Fig. l is a vertical section throughthe window 1 assembly taken on thesectionline 4--4 of Fig. 2

and showing the sash broken away to disclose 'the operating mechanism; y

. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the window assembly'taken onaj'line similar' to Fig, 4 A but Vshowing the sash sections swung openinstead of .closed asin Fig. 4;

l Fig. 6 is a verticalsection".takerron thegplane of Ythe window brokenaway. illusftratrthe Operating meChansm.; 1.

Fig. '7 is avfragmentary lerspectiveshowinga ,part ofthe operatingmechanism;

.Fig vis a horizontal section talenon thesame line as Fig. 2 showing theWindowseetionbefore lit is vcompletely closed;

Y Fig. 9 is .a fragmentary vperspective ofone of the fulcrum links; and

Fig, i0 is .a .sectional View taken on the line ,iG-IDof'Fig. j TheWindow assembly comprises al stationaryk window frame which is adaptedto be vfixed withisl shown as fabricated out of sheet n'ietal.lv Thewindow frame comprises `a pair of similariside` framev members 2B whichare channel-shaped in .cross-section as shownin Figs. 2 and 8. '.Tlhe'seside frame members are connectedY together at .the top by a header2,2`which is also channel- .shaped in cross-section andfat the bottombya sill memberZli, whichis likewise channeles'h'aped in.crosssection.The channels of these .side frame members,V header and sill,openoutwar'dly as shown. .A removable header weatherstrip por tion .26is provided and shown particularly in Figs. l, 3, 4 and 5. It seatsoveran upstanding ledge ormedon the lheaderof theframeij Within theframe there mayY be mounted .a plurality of Asash sections, eachpivotally "sup-- ported to be swung outwardly. In the particular`embodiment shown, -two 'such sash sections arej The upper section is"indicated byv illustrated. the letter U andthe lower section isindicated by' the letter L. The two sections are-similar andL similarly.supported for pivotal swinging4 movement. #Each section. is shownaszcomprisingametal sash 39 provided with a pane of fr:glass and thissash, is adapted to close over -the Vopen channel of the stationaryWindow frame, as show-n particularly in Figs. 2 vand 3. Eachsash sectionis pivotally supported by a pair of fulcrum links @indicated-generallyas-z in Figs. 4., canalis.'

-These links are pivoted to opposite sidesofythe sash sectionsas at 34;The ,oppositeen'ds.ofthev links are pivoted to horizontally oppositeypoints yof the side frame members 20Vvthrough theemployment' ofstationary* brackets Y. 36. These brackets 35 are xed to the side framemembers as by rivets, brazing or the like. The links are pivoted as at38 to the brackets as shown generally in Figs. 4 and 5.

Each link is adjustable lengthwise consisting of cooperating endportions ED and 42 as shown in Figs. 9 and 10 speciiically. One endportion 42 is shown as provided with side flanges 44 adapted to slidablyreceiveY therebetween the opposite end portion 4B. End portion 4U isslotted lengthwise as at 46. 48 is adapted to fasten the twoV portionstogether at adjusted positions.

adapted to increase the frictional engagement of the fiat faces so thatthey will better retain their linear adjusted positions.

A retaining screwv The meeting faces of Athe two portions are providedwith grooves The two sash sections are adaptedV to beswung outwardly atthe bottom and moved ver- .tically downward at the top to adjustableopen positions through the use of an operating mechanism which comprises`a pair of slidablev vbars 52 disposed on opposite sides of thewin-Y,dowV frame within the channel side frame members 2li. Retaining plates54 are secured. as by brazing, riveting or'the like to the 'side framemembers of the window and overhang the bars as shown in Figs. and 7particularly. Each sash section is pivoted to yeach of the bars.

Y A'Each sash section is provided with a pair of armsr` 56, one armsecured to each side of the section at the top as by rivets, brazing orthe like. 'Ihe arm projects upwardlyand inwardly of the sash section andispivoted at 5S to a Ybar 52. It is apparent, therefore, that slidablemovement of thel bars 52 will swingv the sash sections to the open orclosed positions.,

To actuate the bars slidably vertically, there is provided manualoperating mechanism in the,v .form of a hand-crank 60 mounted upon the.outer end of a Worm shaft62 which shaft is supported within ahousing'li secured to one side frame member 2U as shown in Figs.r4 andA.5. An arm 65 is provided with gear teeth 68 which mesh with the wormon the shaft 62 to be actuated thereby. This arm is pivoted at as shownparticularly in Figs. 4 and 5.

*The outer end of the arm is coupled by a link 12. with a link 'I4 oftoggle structure. The

link 74, is mounted upon a cross-shaft 76 to y Y rotate therewith, whichAcross-shaft extends transversely of the bottom of the window frame andVis journalled for rotation. The opposite end of link 14 is coupled bythe other link 18 y `of the toggle structure with slidable bar 52.

, Itis coupled Ytherewith upon the pivot 58 which .pivots the arm of thesash section to the slidable bar 52 as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

It isV apparent, therefore, that through opoperation produces'closing ofthe swinging sash sections. f

In order that eachY swinging sash section may close completely allaround against the stationary frame, it is necessary that one be able toadjust the fulcrum links 32. For this reason these fulcrum links are soconstructed as to permit of lengthwise adjustment as here- A inabovedescribed. By adjusting one link relative to the other link,litfiisipossible...to insure that opposite sides of the' swinging sashsectionV e lwill both be closed tightly against the stationary frame.

cross-shaft l5. Likewise it has been found desirable to close that sideof a swinging sash which is most remote from'the manual operator againstthe window frame' before closing kthat Aside of the swingingv sash'which is adjacent to the manual operator against the frame""` `I f theside which is adjacent to the operator is' first closed against theframe, it thenbecomes very ,dificult, if not'limpossible, to"pull theremote side tight against the frame. It is,

therefore, desirable to so adjust the operating' mechanism, as forexample, by relative adjustment of the 'fulcrum links'tha't theside lofthe sash vsectionxwhich isv r'emot'e from the operator be broughtagainst thewindow frame ahead of the opposite'sideof the sash section.VThis is shown in Fig. 8, for examplefwherein one side 'of the sashsection is shown as'already in engagement with'th'e windowframe whiletheopposite side ofthe sash section is still spaced therefrom. Y. v

When the operating mechanism is arranged to produce this result ofclosing'the side of the sash remote Vfrom the operator against the frameahead ofthe sideof the sash adjacent to' the operatorit is-thenIJOSSible to continue actuation of the operatorfto draw the'A adjacentside down against the frame. There is sufficient give in' the entirestructure vto permit this result; Due to this construction the sashsections may be drawn ltightly against'the window frame at all points. A

What I claim is g 1'.' A window assembly comprising, in combination, aframe, a plurality of vertically superim- 'posed sashsectionsfswingablyV supported within the frame, each sash section 'beingswingably supported at oppositeends upon a fulcrum, link,

each of said fulcrum links pivoted at one end to'one side of the sashsection and pivoted at the j opposite endV to the adjacent side of'theframa 'each of said links consisting of two end portions 1telescopically articulated for longitudinal adjustment of the length ofthe link, an operating mechanism including a rotatable shaft extendingYtransversely of the frame at the bottom and having an voperator crankcoupled with one end of the shaft at one side of the fratrie to rotatethe cross-shaft so that the two slidable bars l52 are As the slidablebars 52 are drawn downwardly, the

*upper ends of .the 'swinging sash sections are 'pulled downwardlyandthe lower ends are swung outwardly as shown in Fig. 5.V Reverse shaftand having a pair of operating bars coupled with opposite ends of theshaft to be actu- -atedithereby:,andv coupled with the several sashsections to swingably actuate the lsame in unison, y said bars.extending along the inside of opposite sides of the frame between theframe and the sash sections, the fulcrum links ofeachsash section beingrelatively longitudinally adjustable with respect toleach other toposition the side of the sash opposite the operator crank in closerproximity. to the frame than the other side of the sash so that in theclosing of the sash section the side of the sash section furthest fromthe operator crank is closed against the frame ahead of that side of thesash section adjacent to the operator crank.

2. A window assembly comprising, in combination, a frame, a sash sectionlswingably supported within the frame, an operating mechanism includinga rotatable shaft extending transversely of vthe frame at the bottom andhaving an operator crank coupled with one end of the shaft at one sideof the frame to rotate the shaft, a

pair of operating bars coupled with opposite ends of the shaft to beactuated thereby and coupled" with the sash section to swingably actuatethe same, said bars extending along the inside of opposite sides of theframe between the frame and the sash section, a pair of fulcrum linksswingably supporting the sash within the frame with each link pivotallymounted at opposite ends at fixed positions along the vertical extent ofthe sides of the sash and frame, and the fulcrum link pivotally mountedon the side of the frame adjacent the operator crank being of a longerlength than the link at the other side of the frame thereby permittingthe sash during the closing movement to abut the frame at the sideopposite the operator crank before abutting the side adjacent the crank.

3. A window assembly comprising, in combination, a frame, a sash sectionswingably supported within the frame, an operating mechanism including arotatable shaft extending transversely y same, said bars extending alongthe inside of opposite sides of the frame between the frame and the sashsection, the sash section being swingably supported Within the frameupon a, pair of linearly adjustable fulcrum links adapted to provide asan axis of rotation for the sash a line meeting the plane of the frameat adjustable 1 oblique angles thereby permitting the side of the nalong the vertical extent of the sash and frame.

ELMER A. WESTMAN.

ReferencesCited inthe le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 259,425 Reiher June 13, 1882 439,065 Hannis Oct. 21, 1890738,123 Reidy 1 Sept. 1, '1903 1,139,205 Matthews et al. May 11, 19151,190,671 Renton July 11, 1916Y 1,386,740 Subreyar Aug. 29, 19211,520,167 Atkinson Dec. 23, 1924 1,659,103 Hauser Feb. 14, 19281,713,562 Sibley May 21, 1929 2,232,297 Wiley Feb. 18, 1941 2,330,533Wiley Sept. 28, 1943 2,478,044 Gargiulo Aug. 2, 1949 2,478,061 StearnsAug- 2, 1949 2,486,407 Hoffman Nov; 1, 1949 2,570,054 Gardner Oct. 2,1951 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date Australia. Oct. 28. 1931

